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Possible causes for joint damage include injury, excess body weight, aging, free radical damage, and genetic predisposition are all possible causes for joint damage.
Free radicals are unstable molecules produced during biological processes such as breathing and digestion. Free radicals are also the result of environmental factors including injury or infection. Once active, the free radical steals electrons from molecules in many body tissues and cells. Free radical damage has been linked to many diseases including arthritis. Joint tissue cells may be damaged by free radicals as your pet gets older, which often explains the stiffness associated with aging.
Antioxidants remove or neutralize the reactive free radical. Antioxidants benefit the joint tissues by providing greater flexibility, strength and endurance. They may improve the immune response and healing and may also reduce inflammation caused by free radicals.
Signs of joint damage include pain, stiffness, difficulty rising or climbing stairs, and in severe cases, lameness, are all signs that joint damage may be present.
All pets are at risk for joint disease. As many as 20% of dogs over ONE year of age are affected. If your dog is overweight or growing older, they are especially at risk. Several breeds of dogs are genetically predisposed to joint disease. Consult your veterinarian if you think your dog may be at risk.
Within the cycle of cartilage degradation, there are two phases that contribute most to joint pain: 1) inflammation leading to cartilage loss, and 2) decreased joint lubrication and nutrition. After the initial insult to the joint, the body tries to fix itself. In the process, white blood cells from the immune system release free radicals that cause further damage and inflammation
In arthritic joints, the synovial fluid and cartilage are broken down by free radicals, enzymes, and other substances. The synovial fluid loses viscosity and its ability to provide nutrients to cartilage is reduced. Cartilage then becomes brittle and weak. Undernourished joint cells (chondrocytes), which make up the cartilage, cluster and die, and the resulting disruption in joint cell activity initiates degeneration and inflammation. The affected animal experiences pain, stiffness, and eventually lameness.
